Big Song dynasty is what and so goodfornothing?

Song dynasty The person who has read Song Shi can clutch wrist probably to sigh: This one Song dynasty why can feel vexed such as local step? Really, entire Song Shi is nearly the history that one is bullied by people:Quilt Liao , golden, first humiliation, even quilt west summer , spit out Fan such little country humiliation. Song at the beginning of dynasty establishment has lost 16 swallow cloud states , have lost the protective screen of north( sell 16 swallow cloud states however can not go to Zhao Shi finally on the account of clan, that is stone respects the matter of pool trunk). Since found country to begin Song dynasty is that one can not stand a sick man that attacks , throughout quilt Yi Di make , lose two rivers today , cut 3 towns tomorrow, Jing Kang Zhi Chi the two emperors of company make captive. After south is crossed , has gone to the share that can only be on last legs. Is such situation could not also continue how long. Xiang mood 2 years(1279Year), Yuan leads Zhang Hong Fan the two roads of land and water force precipice mountain directly. Song Jun suffers a crushing defeat , land Xiu Fu Bao Zhuo little emperor throws sea suicide, Song dynasty collapses at this point. One Generally speaking, the country bullied always by outside clan is because is poor and weak, only only Song dynasty is just opposite. Song dynasty the times of the country rich people winner that is rare in Chinese history. And Tang more acting comparison, Song acting territory Tang Xiao of area ratio, but plough area ratio Tang generation is still many. Song the output produced for unit mu is also high. Song acting handicraft industry is developed, iron output has exceeded Britain , the law sum of two countries of output of industrial revolutionary period. Commercial prosperity is even more perfectly obvious. Overseas trading great development, compass gets extensive utilization. Song Qian has become the general currency of a lot of countries, explanation Song acting economy has reached unprecedented altitude. Song acting financial situation is also very good, north Song Tai Zu , too and real period, it is always that income exceeds expense. On world history taking compass, papermaking, Print and the gunpowder of revolutionary role is when Song generation gets extending and extensive utilization. On military affairs, at that time, the most advanced various firearm also get extensive utilization. Song acting literature altitude is developed, Song the splendid works of acting literatures are popular so far. Song generation no eunuch misfortune, have no misfortune of member of the royal clan, have no outside Qi misfortune, no winner Fan misfortune. Is so from the administration of internal affairs , company the most powerful Han in Chinese history Tang cannot catch up Song generation. From administration country, Zhao Shi clan really talent comes forth in large numbers , at least not picture the Ming Dynasty that pay no attention to Zheng matter, know only that play , giving eunuch national major event entirely the game emperor that manages Zhu is absurd by school. So, people can ask naturally: If this is powerful, also, it is what and so frail to get a country of good administration, so that quilt the north nomadic national dozen that far falls behind self has to have no to fight back force? 2 In Chinese history, lose in the regime of And Song generation is frail and20Between many years, clear dynasty has carried out a series of military affairs for retreating to the incomplete first regime of north to go on a punitive expedition , has won great victory. Such as A.D.1372In year, senior general reaches1381Year, guard the Yuan10Remain 10000 defeats, is captured 20000. In hundreds of the following years, the nomadic nations of north and clear dynasty always have mutual to attack to guard , although have also failed , not picture Song dynasty so stoops to compromise blindly. The destruction of clear dynasty, say strictly not die settle , and it is to die in internal disorder. Chong Zhen period, country already quilt extreme is rotten to eat empty shell, domestic a confused picture, famine frequently, from robber bee, finally at last, have broken out peasant big revolt.1644Year, Li since rate army attacks into From this, may find out , Song , 3 Song the prime cause with frail For Song Jia the emperor of dynasty, the general of armed forces is the tool of defence world , but is the potential threat for that self is biggest. Zhao Shi clan has adopted a series of measure for this. Firstly, soldier will separate. So long as not battle , generals only leave empty title , can not lead troops. Only when fighting , then can command armed forces actually. May imagine , for self subordinate will soldier the general that knows nothing can command this army; Subordinate will soldier is nearly impossible to be again completely convinced for the general that does not know , go through the fire and water for it. The measure of " soldier will separate " has violated the law of war seriously and have weakened the combat effectiveness of Song Jun. Secondly, the more Zu Dai Pao. North Song Jiang Quan is very weak, even if under such condition, general leads troops when outside battle emperor still multi-party trunk meets. Will not only fight according to the general plan that emperor establishes in advance, and emperor still sends , have trusted subordinate to carry out tight monitor in army. In situation instant of battle-field, 10000 changes , pass at instant of opportunity for combat, when the decision of how general can let have of outside battle accords with the wishes of emperor , do you again accord with the situation of battle-field? The president Bush of America is at the same time also 3 military commander in chieves , may command the battle of armed forces, but Bush has advanced global communication tool after all , understands thoroughly for the condition that whole world occurs immediately, and can the emperor of Song Jia accomplish? They not only have no this set of current global communication command system , even even have no mobile phone! Try to ask how such armed forces fight! Thirdly, the disposition of armed forces is whole in order to " guard against us"( notice not is defence) is purpose. " claim defence we " is to prevent internal disorder. Military work not is heavy in order to avoid foreign enemy, and it is to guard against that internal disorder is used to push guard capital teacher for the heavy most crack armed forces of whole country, and frontier region disposition is most weak. Such disposition Yan have do not defeat battle. 4th uses mediocre person. Zhao Jia emperor chooses It is 5th to be for the control of armed forces vigorously , Song dynasty implement raises soldier policy, join the army person is taking joining the army as occupation, cause armed forces can not Tai is weak to reserve winner, have consumed military expenditure, have again weakened the combat effectiveness of armed forces. Even if existence above factor, Song dynasty is a economy after all and national defence very powerful country, armed forces still have considerable combat effectiveness, if famous Song the acting famous domestic army of high mountain. The domestic army of high mountain is that one has the armed forces of combat effectiveness very much, if1134Year the armed forces of big broken fake even Liu Yu, recovery Xiang positive residence and Tang , Deng , follow , Ying , the 6s such as letter sun Jun. Again if Shao mood decade, the army of military commander breaks in Henan Yan city Wu the "Tie Fu Tuo" of technique and " turn son horse ", the golden military collapse of all fronts. The domestic army of high mountain exploits a victory to march to Zhu Xian Zhen , obtain then Zhu Xian Zhen great victory. This explains , Song Jun when layer upon layer suppress still have considerable combat effectiveness. 4 People have puzzled person surely: Why Zhao Jia the emperor can make so stupid movement, even when high mountain flies to obtain Zhu Xian Zhen great victory rear preparation realization the long-cherished wish of " smash Huang Long directly ", Song Jia emperor does not even want the victory that will soon come high mountain flies to recruit extremely anxiously to return? Will know , Song the emperor of dynasty does not fatuous , in them, majority has outstanding talent. Will reply this problem, we not Fang Zhao Shi clan is to how to seize959In year, show,Rear week,The respectful emperor that succeeds to the throne has only 7 years old less in year. Year passes Liao country joint north Chinese big act invasive news. Prime Minister Fan Zhi recommends Zhao Kuang Yin to lead resistance, unexpectedly Zhao Kuang Yin shirks soldier major general Gua, can not make war. Fan Zhi have to member so as Zhao Kuang Yin highest military right, may transfer nation-wide military forces. After few days, Zhao Kuang Yin commands main forces, have made Tokyo city(Henan), march is to Chen Qiao Yi ( this Henan mound southeast Chen Qiao Zhen). Younger brother Zhao Kuang Yi of Zhao Kuang Yin and go back to virtue military palm secretary Zhao Pu to suggest soldiers Huang Pao adds is with Zhao Kuang Yin , rush in to stand he is emperor. The first 4 of first month of the lunar year, it is assigned that Zhao Kuang Yin leads army to return teacher open,Force make,Have captured rear week regime Zhao Kuang Yin is a general under the flag of emperor , he as will go up emperor through mutiny this kind of skill, inevitable clear others also meeting reason Ji recur , so prevent that the general of armed forces rushes in soldier dead weight so that end does not adopt the measure of the above-mentioned control general of armed forces , have also understood easily. Actually because of the control of relaxing,In history, it is most prosperous and powerful and Chinese , Tang is also so. Chinese generation has gone to Han, offer emperor for period, emperor has become puppet completely, being competed by the warlord of every place snatch,In order to " hold the emperor with make dukes,Cao Pi""Emperor position. Accepting rear Wei Wen Di " abdicates and hands over the crown and abdicates and hands over the crown " have said that a sentence sets people thinking: " Shun Yu love Buddhist, my side knows ". Tang generation is also the same. Rear Tang Shi Fan has intrepid town, the decline of imperial power. An Shi Zhi confuses , is military right is grasped by the general who is hard to control , to brew disaster. Tang Ai Di13Is enthroned16At the time of year, being compelled Control this strictly since for the possible military affairs of dangerous and own imperial power, general gives , Song dynasty does success than historical any dynasty, but also just because of this, country rich people winner Song dynasty is more frail than any dynasty in history. 5 Say here, we have understood Zhao Shi completely the difficulties of regime weakening general military right. They are what to not know the aftermath of this ever, but what they are faced with is a kind of difficult choice choice: If lose , it is for the control of the general of armed forces , can occur second unavoidably " display Qiao mutiny ", who the general that can describe to settle these to be hard to control can " peep at supernatural ware "? And weaken the military right of generals , and can weaken the combat effectiveness of armed forces unavoidably. But two harms appearance right takes it is light, compared with these generals, lose control, finally own imperial throne does not protect , still the aftermath of the former can accept. 6 Perhaps, will people say that that dragon chair is true and so tempting? Yes. Not only outside surname clan, it is the flesh and blood of direct family of imperial kinsmen, for that dragon chair also meeting 6 kisses do not accept , same family kills picture crow eye chicken. High mountain flies why can die? It must be died that many persons say that actually, high mountain flies. High mountain flies when put forward " smash Huang Long directly, go to meet to return 2 sages " this slogan has decided him will die undoubtedly. Who is" 2 sages"? It is the father of present emperor it is long with elder brother. They return to capital, present emperor buttocks that next dragon chair still sits steady? Only this strip, it must be died that high mountain flies. It had been harmed that high mountain flies , people often Zhang calculate goes to Qin Gui the body. Actually, it is that this what day wrongs. Most hope that it is dead that high mountain flies , is not Qin Gui , but is Zhao Gou. So, Zhao Shi is this kind of and difficult choice 7 After Song300In many years, distant1688In year," honorable revolution"1789In year, France has also broken Under republic system, the emperors of Chinese feudal times are those and difficult choice as being faced with to select to have had gone for ever. We only know that history today further, then can know the difficulties of emperors, just know prosperity Song empire is what and so frail.